The Effects of Gambling
Gambling involves placing something of value on a random event with the intention of winning something else of value, where instances of strategy are discounted. It is an activity that is enjoyed by many people, and it contributes to the economy in various ways. For example, it provides an additional source of revenue for governments through taxes. It also helps create jobs in the gambling industry, including those of bookmakers, race track stewards, and trainers and breeders of horses.
While the positive effects of gambling are many, there are some negative consequences that should be taken into account. These include: (1) feelings of hopelessness, guilt, anxiety, or depression; (2) lying to family members, therapists, and others in order to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling; (3) risking relationships, employment, education, and career opportunities to gamble; and (4) using illegal methods (forgery, theft, embezzlement, etc.) to finance gambling. Moreover, it can cause serious financial difficulties for the individuals involved and their families. This can be especially true for those who have a mental health condition such as depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety. In addition, it can lead to debt problems, which can be very difficult to overcome.
Many factors contribute to the development of pathological gambling, including genetics and an underactive brain reward system. These issues can be overcome with appropriate treatment, which may include psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and/or pharmacotherapies. Other factors include a person’s environment and culture. For example, some cultures consider gambling to be a social activity and may not recognize it as a problem. Additionally, some cultures have very different beliefs about money and how it is earned and spent.
Longitudinal studies of the effect of gambling are rare, owing to several reasons: the massive funding required for such a commitment; problems with maintaining research team continuity over a long time period and with sample attrition; and the knowledge that longitudinal data confound aging and period effects. However, there is increasing interest in establishing such studies, and there are now some longitudinal gambling studies that are more sophisticated, theory-based, and well designed.
It is important to remember that gambling should only be treated as an entertainment expense, like going out for dinner or a movie. You should never use your income budget to gamble, and you should always set limits for yourself on how much you can spend. If you are unable to control your gambling, seek help from friends and family, or go to a Gamblers Anonymous meeting. You can also try a self-help approach, such as postponing your gambling or trying to distract yourself with other activities. Additionally, learn to relieve unpleasant feelings in healthier ways such as exercising, spending time with non-gambling friends, or practicing relaxation techniques. If your gambling is causing you financial difficulties, speak to a debt advisor for free advice. They can help you understand your options and plan a way forward. Remember, if you are having thoughts of suicide, call 999 or visit A&E immediately.